mastery of the seas

1) (skill) Meisterschaft, die

2) (knowledge) Beherrschung, die (of Gen.)

3) (upper hand) Oberhand, die

4) (control) Herrschaft, die (of über + Akk.)

* * *

noun ((usually with over or of) control, great skill or knowledge: We have gained mastery over the enemy.) die Herrschaft

* * *

[ˈmɑ:st^əri, AM ˈmæstɚi]

1. (domination) Herrschaft f

they struggled for [the] \mastery over the oil-rich southern provinces sie kämpften um die Macht in den ölreichen südlichen Provinzen

2. (expertise) Meisterschaft f (of in + dat)

she played with some \mastery sie spielte meisterhaft

she showed her complete \mastery of the subtleties of the language sie zeigte, dass sie die Feinheiten der Sprache meisterhaft beherrschte

* * *

* * *

mastery [ˈmɑːstərı; US ˈmæs-] s

1. Herrschaft f, Gewalt f, Macht f ( alle:

of, over über akk):

have complete mastery of etwas völlig in seiner Gewalt haben

2. Überlegenheit f, Oberhand f:

gain the mastery over sb über jemanden die Oberhand gewinnen

3. Beherrschung f (einer Sprache, von Spielregeln etc)

4. Bezähmung f, Bändigung f (von Leidenschaften etc)

5. Meisterhaftigkeit f, -schaft f:

gain the mastery in ( oder of) es (bis) zur Meisterschaft bringen in (dat)

* * *

1) (skill) Meisterschaft, die

2) (knowledge) Beherrschung, die (of Gen.)

3) (upper hand) Oberhand, die

4) (control) Herrschaft, die (of über + Akk.)

* * *

Beherrschung f.

Herrschaft f.

Überlegenheit f.

[΄ma:stəri] n տիրապետություն, իշխա նություն. mastery of the seas ծովերի տի րա պետու թյուն. (հմտություն, տիրապետում) his mastery of violin ջութակին նրա տիրապետելը

m sea

in alto mare on the high seas

* * *

mare s.m.

1 sea: mare agitato, molto agitato, moderate, rough sea; mare calmo, calm sea; mare corto, choppy sea; mare di poppa, following sea; mare di prua, head sea; mare di traverso, abeam sea; mare grosso, very rough sea; mare in burrasca, stormy sea; mare leggermente mosso, light sea; mare lungo, long sea; mare piatto, quasi calmo, smooth sea; mare tempestoso, tempestosissimo, very high, stormy sea; mare aperto, open sea (o high seas); mare chiuso, closed sea; mare interno, inland sea; mare litoraneo, litoral sea; (dir.) mare territoriale, territorial waters (o sea); in mare aperto, in alto mare, in (o on) the open sea; al di là del mare, beyond the sea (s); braccio di mare, arm of the sea; (mil.) forze di terra e di mare, land and sea forces; gente di mare, sea-going people; uomo di mare, seaman; livello del mare, sea level; sopra, sotto il livello del mare, above, below sea level; Milano è a 120 metri sul livello del mare, Milan is 120 metres above sea level; mal di mare, seasickness: soffrire, non soffrire il mal di mare, to suffer, not to suffer from seasickness; nave di alto mare, sea-going ship; per mare, by sea; verso il mare, seaward (o seawards); porto di mare, seaport; casa sua è un porto di mare, (fig.) his house is like a railway station; vento di mare, sea-breeze (o onshore wind); aria di mare, sea-air; l'aria di mare gli fa bene, sea-air is good for him; il mare è calmo come l'olio, the sea is like a sheet of glass; l'ammiraglio ordinò di calare una scialuppa in mare, the admiral ordered a boat to be lowered; fu seppellito in mare, he was buried at sea; la nave subì un colpo di mare, the ship was struck by a heavy sea; un'onda lo gettò in mare, a wave swept him into the sea, (da una nave) a wave swept him overboard; Palermo è una città di mare, Palermo is a town on the sea; Venezia era la signora dei mari, Venice was the mistress of the seas; avere il dominio dei mari, to have the mastery of the seas; cadere in mare, to fall into the sea, (da una nave) to fall overboard; gettare in mare, to throw into the sea, (da una nave) to throw overboard; mettere in mare una nave, to set a vessel afloat; prendere il mare, to set sail, (di persone) to go to sea; (comm.) spedire via mare, to ship; tenere il mare, to keep the sea; nave atta a tenere il mare, seaworthy ship; viaggiare per mare, to travel by sea // uomo in mare!, man overboard! // è una goccia nel mare, it's a drop in the ocean // la questione è ancora in alto mare, the question is still undecided; siamo ancora in alto mare!, we still have a long way to go! // cercare qlcu. per terra e per mare, to hunt high and low for s.o. // portare acqua al mare, to carry coals to Newcastle // promettere mari e monti, to promise wonders // ha gettato a mare anche il lavoro per seguirla, he even threw up his job to follow her

2 (geogr.) Mare, Sea: il Mare Adriatico, the Adriatic Sea; il Mar Baltico, the Baltic Sea; il Mar Caspio, the Caspian Sea; il Mare dei Caraibi, the Caribbean Sea; il Mare del Giappone, della Cina, the Japan, China Sea; il Mare Jonio, the Ionian Sea; il Mare Mediterraneo, the Mediterranean Sea; il Mar Morto, the Dead Sea

3 (luogo sul mare) seaside: abbiamo conosciuto parecchia gente al mare, we met a lot of people at the seaside; l'anno scorso andammo al mare per le vacanze, last year we went to the seaside for our holidays

4 (astr.) (della Luna o di altri corpi celesti) mare*, sea: mare lunare, lunar sea; il Mare della Tranquillità, Sea of Tranquillity

5 (fig.) (quantità smisurata) flood, sea; host; (moltitudine) hordes (pl.), crowds (pl.): un mare di gente, crowds of people; un mare di guai, big trouble: trovarsi in un mare di guai, to be in big (o deep) trouble; un mare di sangue, a sea of blood

6 frutti di mare, seafood, shellfish: (cuc.) spaghetti ai frutti di mare, spaghetti with a seafood sauce.

* * *

1. sm

1) (gen) sea

2) (gran quantità di: lettere, lamentele) flood, (gente, problemi, difficoltà) host, (lavoro) pile

- il Mar Adriatico

- il mar Caspio

- il mare del Nord

- il mar Morto

- il mar Nero

- il mar Rosso

- il mar dei Sargassi

- i mari del Sud

- il mare della Tranquillità

- il mar Mediterraneo

* * *

sostantivo maschile

1) sea

2) (zona costiera) seaside

3) fig. (grande quantità) sea, ocean

••

* * *

mare

/'mare/ ⇒ 27

sostantivo m.

 1 sea; via mare, per mare by sea, by water; in alto mare on the open o high seas, offshore; fig. offshore; siamo ancora in alto mare fig. we still have a long way to go; essere in mare to be at sea; mettersi in mare to take to the sea; prendere il mare to go to sea, to put (out) to sea; uomo in mare! man overboard! acqua di mare seawater; Mar Mediterraneo Mediterranean Sea; Mar Morto Dead Sea; Mare del Nord North Sea; Mar Rosso Red Sea

 2 (zona costiera) seaside; andare al mare to go to the seaside o sea

 3 fig. (grande quantità) sea, ocean; un mare di guai a heap of trouble; un mare di gente a crowd of people; un mare di lacrime floods of tears

IDIOMS

cercare qcs. per mare e per terra o per -i e per monti to hunt high and low for sth.

1) (to order: I command you to leave the room immediately!) ordenar, mandar

2) (to have authority over: He commanded a regiment of soldiers.) estar al mando de

3) (to have by right: He commands great respect.) infundir, inspirar

1) (an order: We obeyed his commands.) orden

2) (control: He was in command of the operation.) control, mando

•

- commandant

command¹ n

1. orden

2. mando

command² vb

1. ordenar

2. tener el mando / dirigir

tr[kə'mɑːnd]

noun

1 (order) orden nombre femenino

■ your wish is my command tus deseos son órdenes

2 (control, authority) mando

■ under the command of the king bajo el mando del rey

■ who is in command? ¿quién está al mando?

3 SMALLMILITARY/SMALL (part of army, group of officers) mando

4 (knowledge, mastery) dominio

■ he has a good command of Greek domina el griego

5 SMALLCOMPUTING/SMALL orden nombre femenino

transitive verb

1 (order) mandar, ordenar

■ he commanded them to shoot les ordenó que dispararan

2 SMALLMILITARY/SMALL (have authority over) estar al mando de, tener el mando de, comandar

3 (have at one's disposal) disponer de, contar con, tener

■ the hotel commands a fantastic view of the city el hotel tiene una vista fantástica de la ciudad

4 (deserve - respect, admiration) infundir, imponer, inspirar; (- confidence) inspirar; (- sympathy) merecer

■ it commanded a high price alcanzó un precio muy alto

■ he can command a high salary puede exigir un sueldo alto

5 (of place, fort) dominar

intransitive verb

1 mandar

\

at somebody's command por orden de alguien

to be at somebody's command estar a las órdenes de alguien

to be in command of oneself ser dueño,-a de sí mismo,-a

to be in command of the situation dominar la situación

to take command tomar el mando

command module módulo de maniobra y mando

command performance actuación a petición de un miembro de la familia real

command post puesto de mando

command [kə'mænd] vt

1) order: ordenar, mandar

2) control, direct: comandar, tener el mando de

command vi

1) : dar órdenes

2) govern: estar al mando m, gobernar

command n

1) control, leadership: mando m, control m, dirección f

2) order: orden f, mandato m

3) mastery: maestría f, destreza f, dominio m

4) : tropa f asignada a un comandante

command (Technical)

• dominio (Técnica) s.m.

• cabeza s.f.

• comandancia s.f.

• comando s.m.

• imperio s.m.

• mandado s.m.

• mandato s.m.

• mando s.m.

• orden s.m.

• acaudillar v.

• capitanear v.

• comandar v.

• dominar v.

• imperar v.

• imponer v.

• mandar v.

• ordenar v.

• sargentear v.

1)

a) ( order)

b) \<\<army/ship\>\> estar* al or tener* el mando de, comandar

2) \<\<wealth/resources\>\> contar* con, disponer* de

3) \<\<respect\>\> imponer*, infundir, inspirar; \<\<fee\>\> exigir*; \<\<price\>\> alcanzar*

1)

a) c ( order) orden f

b) u ( authority) mando m

c) c ( leadership) (+ sing or pl vb) mando m; (before n)

2) u ( mastery) dominio m

3) c ( Comput) orden f, comando m

1. N

1) (=order) (esp Mil) orden f ; (Comput) orden f, comando m

2) (=control) [of army, ship] mando m

3) (=mastery) dominio m

4) (=authority) (Mil, Naut) mando m, jefatura f

2. VT

1) (=order)

2) (=be in control of) [+ soldiers, army] mandar, estar al mando de; [+ ship] comandar

3) (=have at one's disposal) [+ resources, money, services] disponer de, contar con

4) (=deserve and get) [+ attention] ganarse; [+ respect] imponer; [+ sympathy] merecerse, hacerse acreedor de; [+ price] venderse a, venderse por; [+ fee] exigir

5) (=overlook) [+ area] dominar; [+ view] tener, disfrutar de

* * *

1)

a) ( order)

b) \<\<army/ship\>\> estar* al or tener* el mando de, comandar

2) \<\<wealth/resources\>\> contar* con, disponer* de

3) \<\<respect\>\> imponer*, infundir, inspirar; \<\<fee\>\> exigir*; \<\<price\>\> alcanzar*

1)

a) c ( order) orden f

b) u ( authority) mando m

c) c ( leadership) (+ sing or pl vb) mando m; (before n)

2) u ( mastery) dominio m

3) c ( Comput) orden f, comando m

1) (order, bid) befehlen ( somebody jemandem)

2) (be in command of) befehligen [Schiff, Armee, Streitkräfte]; (have authority over or control of) gebieten über (+ Akk.) (geh.); beherrschen

3) (have at one's disposal) verfügen über (+ Akk.) [Gelder, Ressourcen, Wortschatz]

4) (deserve and get) verdient haben [Achtung, Respekt]

5)

1) Kommando, das; (in writing) Befehl, der

2) (exercise or tenure) Kommando, das; Befehlsgewalt, die

3) (control, mastery, possession) Beherrschung, die

4) (Computing) Befehl, der

* * *

1) (to order: I command you to leave the room immediately!) befehlen

2) (to have authority over: He commanded a regiment of soldiers.) kommandieren

3) (to have by right: He commands great respect.) einflößen

1) (an order: We obeyed his commands.) der Befehl

2) (control: He was in command of the operation.) die Befehlsgewalt

•

- academic.ru/14487/commandant">commandant

* * *

[kəˈmɑ:nd, AM -ˈmænd]

I. vt

1. (order)

▪ to \command sb jdm einen Befehl geben [o geh erteilen]

▪ to \command sb to do sth jdm befehlen, etw zu tun

2. MIL (be in charge)

▪ to \command sth den Oberbefehl über etw akk haben

to \command a company eine Einheit leiten

to \command a ship ein Schiff befehligen

3. (be able to ask)

to \command the prices die Preise diktieren

4. (have at disposal)

▪ to \command sth über etw akk verfügen

5. ( form: inspire)

▪ to \command sth etw gebieten geh

she \commands my utmost admiration sie hat meine volle Bewunderung

to \command sb's sympathy jds Mitleid erwecken

to \command sb's respect jdm Respekt einflößen

6. ( form: give)

to \command a view einen Ausblick bieten [o geh gewähren

II. vi Befehle erteilen [o geben

III. n

1. (order) Befehl m

the Royal C\command BRIT königliche Order

to give a \command einen Befehl erteilen [o geben]

to obey a \command einen Befehl ausführen

at my \command auf meinen Befehl

2. no pl (authority) Kommando nt

to take \command of a force das Kommando über eine Truppe übernehmen

to have \command over [or be in \command of] a regiment/fleet ein Regiment/eine Flotte befehligen

▪ to be at sb's \command ( hum) jdm zur Verfügung stehen

under sb's \command unter jds Kommando

3. no pl (control) Kontrolle f

▪ to be in \command [of oneself] sich akk unter Kontrolle haben

▪ to be in \command of sth etw unter Kontrolle [o fam im Griff] haben

to have sth at one's \command über etw akk verfügen

4. + sing/pl vb MIL (military district)

▪ C\command Befehlsbereich m; (troops) Kommando nt

5. COMPUT (instruction) Befehl m

invalid \command ungültiger Befehl

to type a \command einen Befehl eingeben

6. no pl (knowledge) Beherrschung f

to have a \command of a language eine Sprache beherrschen

* * *

1. vt

1) (= order) befehlen, den Befehl geben (sb jdm)

2) (= be in control of) army, ship befehligen, kommandieren

3) (= be in a position to use) money, resources, vocabulary verfügen über (+acc), gebieten über (+acc) (geh)

4)

5) (= overlook) valley überragen; view bieten (of über +acc)

2. vi

1) (= order) befehlen

2) (MIL, NAUT: to be in command) das Kommando führen

3. n

1) (= order) Befehl m

2) (MIL: power, authority) Kommando nt, Befehlsgewalt f

3) (MIL) (= troops) Kommando nt; (= district) Befehlsbereich m; (= command post) Posten m

4) (COMPUT) Befehl m

5) (fig: possession, mastery) Beherrschung f

* * *

command [kəˈmɑːnd; US kəˈmænd]

A v/t

1. befehlen, gebieten (dat):

command sb to come jemandem befehlen zu kommen

2. gebieten, fordern, (gebieterisch) verlangen:

command silence sich Ruhe erbitten

3. beherrschen, gebieten über (akk), unter sich haben

4. MIL kommandieren:

a) jemandem befehlen

b) eine Truppe befehligen, führen

5. Gefühle, auch die Lage beherrschen:

command o.s. ( oder one’s temper) sich beherrschen

6. zur Verfügung haben, verfügen über (akk):

command a sum;

7. Mitgefühl, Vertrauen etc einflößen:

command (sb’s) admiration (jemandem) Bewunderung abnötigen, (jemandes) Bewunderung verdienen;

command respect Achtung gebieten

8. (durch eine strategisch günstige Lage) beherrschen:

9. Aussicht gewähren, bieten:

10. ARCH den einzigen Zugang zu einem Gebäudeteil etc bilden

11. WIRTSCH

a) einen Preis einbringen, erzielen

b) Absatz finden

12. obs bestellen

B v/i

1. befehlen, gebieten

2. MIL kommandieren, das Kommando führen, den Befehl haben

3. Ausblick gewähren:

as far as the eye commands so weit das Auge reicht

C s

1. Befehl m ( auch COMPUT), Gebot n:

at sb’s command auf jemandes Befehl;

by command laut Befehl

2. fig Herrschaft f, Gewalt f ( beide:

of über akk):

lose command of one’s temper die Beherrschung verlieren

3. Verfügung f:

be at sb’s command jemandem zur Verfügung stehen;

have at command → A 6

4. Beherrschung f, Kenntnis f (einer Sprache etc):

have (a good) command of eine Fremdsprache etc beherrschen;

his command of English seine Englischkenntnisse;

command of language Sprachbeherrschung f, Redegewandtheit f

5. MIL Kommando n:

a) (Ober)Befehl m, Führung f:

be in command das Kommando führen, den Befehl haben;

in command of befehligend;

the officer in command der befehlshabende Offizier;

be under sb’s command jemandem unterstellt sein;

take command of an army das Kommando über eine Armee übernehmen;

the higher command Br die höhere Führung

b) (volle) Kommandogewalt, Befehlsbefugnis f

c) Befehl m:

command of execution Ausführungskommando

d) Befehlsbereich m

6. MIL Kommandobehörde f, Führungsstab m, Oberkommando n

7. (strategische) Beherrschung (eines Gebiets etc)

8. Sichtweite f, Aussicht f

9. Br königliche Einladung

* * *

1) (order, bid) befehlen ( somebody jemandem)

2) (be in command of) befehligen [Schiff, Armee, Streitkräfte]; (have authority over or control of) gebieten über (+ Akk.) (geh.); beherrschen

3) (have at one's disposal) verfügen über (+ Akk.) [Gelder, Ressourcen, Wortschatz]

4) (deserve and get) verdient haben [Achtung, Respekt]

5)

1) Kommando, das; (in writing) Befehl, der

2) (exercise or tenure) Kommando, das; Befehlsgewalt, die

3) (control, mastery, possession) Beherrschung, die

4) (Computing) Befehl, der

* * *

Anführung f. n.

Befehl -e m.

Gebot -e n.

Kommando -s n. v.

befehlen v.

kommandieren v.

SUBJECT AREA: Ports and shipping

[br]

[br]

[br]

On leaving school in 1894, MacGregor was apprenticed to a famous local shipyard, the Palmers Shipbuilding and Iron Company of Jarrow-on-Tyne. After four years he was entered for the annual examination of the Worshipful Company of Shipwrights, coming out top and being nominated Queen's Prizeman. Shortly thereafter he moved around shipyards to gain experience, working in Glasgow, Hull, Newcastle and then Dunkirk. His mastery of French enabled him to obtain in 1906 the senior position of Chief Draughtsman at an Antwerp shipyard, where he remained until 1914. On his return to Britain, he took charge of the small yard of Dibbles in Southampton and commenced a period of great personal development and productivity. His fertile mind enabled him to register no fewer than ten patents in the years 1919 to 1923.

In 1924 he started out on his own as a naval architect, specializing in the coal trade of the North Sea. At that time, colliers had wooden hatch covers, which despite every caution could be smashed by heavy seas, and which in time of war added little to hull integrity after a torpedo strike. The International Loadline Committee of 1932 noted that 13 per cent of ship losses were through hatch failures. In 1927, designs for selftrimming colliers were developed, as well as designs for steel hatch covers. In 1928 the first patents were under way and the business was known for some years as MacGregor and King. During this period, steel hatch covers were fitted to 105 ships.

In 1937 MacGregor invited his brother Joseph (c. 1883–1967) to join him. Joseph had wide experience in ship repairs and had worked for many years as General Manager of the Prince of Wales Dry Docks in Swansea, a port noted for its coal exports. By 1939 they were operating from Whitley Bay with the name that was to become world famous: MacGregor and Company (Naval Architects) Ltd. The new company worked in association with the shipyards of Austin's of Sunderland and Burntisland of Fife, which were then developing the "flatiron" colliers for the up-river London coal trade. The MacGregor business gained a great boost when the massive coastal fleet of William Cory \& Son was fitted with steel hatches.

In 1945 the brothers appointed Henri Kummerman (b. 1908, Vienna; d. 1984, Geneva) as their sales agent in Europe. Over the years, Kummerman effected greater control on the MacGregor business and, through his astute business dealings and his well-organized sales drives worldwide, welded together an international company in hatch covers, cargo handling and associated work. Before his death, Robert MacGregor was to see mastery of the design of single-pull steel hatch covers and to witness the acceptance of MacGregor hatch covers worldwide. Most important of all, he had contributed to great increases in the safety and the quality of life at sea.

[br]

See also: Ayre, Sir Amos Lowrey

1) General subject: command of the see

2) Military: command of the sea, maritime domination, mastery of sea, naval supremacy, sea command, sea supremacy, (согласно концепции морской силы Мэхана) sea control

3) Law: dominium maris

4) Fishery: command of the seas

5) Makarov: mastery of the sea

6) Foreign Ministry: sea control

command [kə'mɑ:nd]

1 noun

(a) (order) ordre m; Military ordre m, commandement m;

∎ to give a command donner un ordre;

∎ the troops were withdrawn at or on his command les troupes ont été retirées sur ses ordres;

∎ they are at your command ils sont à vos ordres;

∎ at the word of command au commandement

(b) (authority) commandement m;

∎ who is in command here? qui est-ce qui commande ici?;

∎ to be in command of sth avoir qch sous ses ordres, être à la tête de qch;

∎ to be first/second in command commander en premier/en second;

∎ he had/took command of the situation il avait/a pris la situation en main;

∎ they are under her command ils sont sous ses ordres ou son commandement

(c) (control, mastery) maîtrise f;

∎ command of the seas maîtrise f des mers;

∎ he's in full command of his faculties il est en pleine possession de ses moyens;

∎ she has a good command of two foreign languages elle possède bien deux langues étrangères;

∎ her command of Spanish sa maîtrise de l'espagnol;

∎ all the resources at my command toutes les ressources à ma disposition ou dont je dispose;

∎ I'm at your command je suis à votre disposition;

∎ command of the market domination f sur le marché

(d) Military (group of officers) commandement m; (troops) troupes fpl;

∎ to be responsible for one's command être responsable de ses troupes;

∎ they were my first command c'est la première section que j'ai commandée

(e) Military (area) région f militaire;

∎ Scottish/Northern command région f militaire d'Écosse/du Nord

(f) Computing commande f

2 transitive verb

(a) (order) ordonner, commander;

∎ she commanded that we leave immediately elle nous a ordonné ou nous a donné l'ordre de partir immédiatement;

∎ the general commanded his men to attack le général a donné l'ordre à ses hommes d'attaquer

(b) (have control over → army, ship, regiment) commander; (→ emotions) maîtriser, dominer

(c) (receive as due) commander, imposer;

∎ to command respect inspirer le respect, en imposer;

∎ to command the attention of one's audience tenir son public en haleine;

∎ the translator commands a high fee les services du traducteur valent cher;

∎ this painting will command a high price ce tableau se vendra à un prix élevé

(d) (have use of) disposer de;

∎ all the skill he could command toute l'habileté qu'il possédait;

∎ all the resources that the country can command toutes les ressources dont le pays peut disposer

(e) (of building, statue → overlook) dominer;

∎ to command a view of avoir vue sur, donner sur

3 intransitive verb

(a) (order) commander, donner des ordres

(b) (be in control) commander; Military commander, avoir le commandement

►► Computing command button case f de commande;

Computing command code code m de commande;

command economy économie f planifiée;

Computing command file fichier m de commande;

Computing command key touche f de commande;

Computing command language langage m de commande;

Computing command line ligne f de commande;

command module (of spacecraft) module m de commande;

British Theatre command performance = représentation (d'un spectacle) à la requête du monarque;

Military command post poste m de commandement;

Computing command sequence séquence f de commandes